Active Voice versus Passive Voice
We express ideas in an active or passive voice. Voice depends on the function of the subject in
sentences. If the subject performs the action of the verb, it means active voice. In this
case,
we put the subject in front of the verb (I wrote this essay). If the subject
receives the action
of the verb, it indicates passive voice. Sentences with passive voice usually do not specify who
or what performs the action (This essay is written (by me)). As the last example shows,
the
object of the sentence can become the subject in a passive voice.
We try to avoid passive voice because passive sentences tend to be wordy and vague, whereas
active sentences create a smooth writing style. But if you use passive voice sparingly, it can
add variety to your writing style and emphasize important points in sentences.
Read the following similar texts and notice their differences. Underline subjects and verbs.
Which text is easier to comprehend and more pleasant to read? You can also practice your
editing skills with this exercise because it demonstrates how to convert passive voice to
active voice.
Text #1
Holidays are the times of fun and excitement. Ordinary things become thrilling and special.
Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year, and other traditional holidays are celebrated every year.
Homes and public places are beautifully decorated with ornaments and colorful lights. In other
words, the air is filled with magic. We look forward to seeing our friends and loved ones,
eating delicious food, and enjoying extra free time. But holidays can also mean stress. We may
feel annoyed by our relatives, pressured by finding a perfect gift, frustrated by having to
cook a festive meal for hours, or worried that we won’t have anyone to share the holidays
with, all of which can push us over the edge. Especially during the current pandemic, when all
our usual ways of doing traditional things have been altered, our concerns may seem magnified.
Text #2
Holidays bring fun and excitement. They turn ordinary things into thrilling and special. Every
year, we anticipate celebrating Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year, and other traditional
holidays. Beautiful ornaments and colorful lights decorate our homes and public places. In
other words, magic fills the air. We look forward to seeing our friends and loved ones, eating
delicious food, and enjoying extra free time. But holidays can also mean stress. Annoying
relatives, the pressure of finding a perfect gift, exhausting hours in the kitchen to produce
a festive meal or worries we won’t have anyone to share the holidays with, all of these
factors can push us over the edge. Especially during the current pandemic, when our usual ways
of doing things have changed, our frustrations may seem worse.
Which version do you personally like better? Most of the sentences of the first version were
written in passive voice, and the second one mostly used active voice.
|
As a little bonus, here is a technique on how to deal with holiday stress.
One way to defuse mental tension is diaphragmatic breathing, also known as “belly breathing.”
We
often breathe incorrectly because we do not engage the diaphragm. Your diaphragm, an
umbrella-shaped muscle of respiration, which you do not see or feel, lowers and flattens
during
the inhalation and returns to a rounded shape after the exhalation. Your abdominal muscles
help
move the diaphragm, thus ensuring adequate oxygen exchange within your body.
Let’s begin our breathing exercise. You can lie down on your back, sit, or stand. Take a deep
breath in through your nose as you push your belly out, and then slowly breathe the air out.
Again, on the count of five, inhale through the nose and feel how your abdomen is expanding
while the chest is barely lifting. Then exhale slowly, also on the count of five, and feel how
your tummy relaxes. Repeat this several times. This therapeutic breathing will calm your mind,
reduce anxiety, and bring more peace to your life.
|